Select another concept here ... - Cleaner Production - Design for Environment - Eco-efficiency - Eco-Labelling - Ecological Footprints - Environmental Accounting - Environmental Impact Assessment - Environmental Management Systems - Environmentally Risk MAnagement - Environmentally Sound Technologies - Factor 10 - Factor 4 - Green Design - Green Procurement - Green Productivity - Industrial Ecology - Life Cycle Analysis - Local Agenda 21 - Natural Step - Natural Capital - Pollution Prevention - Strategic Impact Assessment - Sustainable Consumption - Urban Ecosystems - Waste Minimization - Zero Emissions

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A. Definition

Design for Environment (DfE) is an approach that integrates environmental considerations into the design and development of products and processes. It aims to minimize negative environmental impacts throughout a product�fs life cycle ? from material extraction and manufacturing to use, reuse, and disposal ? without compromising quality, functionality, or cost.

B. Main Features

DfE seeks to reduce resource consumption, energy use, and waste generation at the design stage, where most product impacts are determined. It promotes material efficiency, modular design for repair and recycling, and substitution of hazardous substances with safer alternatives. By incorporating environmental criteria early in design, companies achieve cost savings, improved compliance, and enhanced brand image.

C. Case Studies and Examples

1. Hewlett-Packard (HP) - Implemented DfE principles by designing printers with modular components that are easier to recycle and refurbish.
2. Toyota Motor Corporation - Uses DfE to reduce lifecycle CO? emissions of its hybrid vehicles, considering recyclability and material sourcing.
3. Philips Electronics - Introduced the �gEcoDesign�h program to optimize material use and energy efficiency across its product lines.

D. Target Sectors / Stakeholders

Manufacturing industries, product designers, engineers, material suppliers, and environmental regulators are key stakeholders. Collaboration between design and environmental management teams ensures successful implementation.

E. Scale of Operation

Applied mainly at the enterprise and industry level, DfE is also being integrated into sectoral standards and national product design policies.